Observations and Simulations of a Breaking Mountain Wave Associated with an Aircraft Accident Induced by Clear-Air Turbulence

F. M. Ralph, P. J. Neiman, D. Levinson (CIRES), W. D. Hall (NCAR), T. L. Clark (NCAR), A. Marroquin (CIRA), S. G. Benjamin

Figure 11. Horizontal winds derived from the western half of 360° conical scans at 60° elevation angle from the Doppler lidar using the velocity-azimuth-display technique. Note the strong vertical wind shear near 11 km MSL just below where the flow turns northerly. Northerly winds indicate zero cross-mountain flow, and likely represent regions of wave breaking. The dot marks the height and time of the DC-8 accident.

ETL / Review / Observations and Simulations of a Breaking Mountain Wave Associated with an Aircraft Accident Induced by Clear-Air Turbulence / Figure: Introduction, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, Conclusion